What is a common non-pharmacological measure that aids in managing angina?

Smoking cessation is a vital non-pharmacological measure for managing angina because smoking contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. It adversely affects blood vessels by promoting atherosclerosis—narrowing and hardening of the arteries—which can lead to decreased oxygen supply to the heart, thereby exacerbating angina symptoms. By quitting smoking, patients can improve their cardiovascular health, enhance blood flow, and reduce the frequency and severity of angina attacks.

In contrast, the other options listed may not have beneficial effects on angina management. Increased caffeine intake can potentially stimulate the heart and may lead to increased heart rate or blood pressure in some individuals, which could worsen angina symptoms. Regular high-intensity workouts may not be appropriate for individuals with unstable angina as they could provoke angina episodes rather than alleviate them. While taking long walks at night can be calming and beneficial for overall health, it is not as specifically effective in addressing the underlying causes of angina as smoking cessation is.